# NAME

perltoc - perl documentation table of contents

# DESCRIPTION

This page provides a brief table of contents for the rest of the Perl documentation set. It is meant to be be quickly scanned or grepped through to locate the proper section you're looking for.

# BASIC DOCUMENTATION

## perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

  Many usability enhancements, Simplified grammar, Lexical scoping, Arbitrarily nested data structures, Modularity and reusability, Object-oriented programming, Embeddable and Extensible, POSIX compliant, Package constructors and destructors, Multiple simultaneous DBM implementations, Subroutine definitions may now be autoloaded, Regular expression enhancements

ENVIRONMENT

  HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5DB, PERLLIB

AUTHOR
FILES
SEE ALSO
DIAGNOSTICS
BUGS
NOTES

  ## perldata - Perl data types

DESCRIPTION
  Variable names
  Context
  Scalar values
  Scalar value constructors
  List value constructors
  Typeglobs and FileHandles

  ## perlsyn - Perl syntax

DESCRIPTION
  Declarations
  Simple statements
  Compound statements
  Loop Control
  For Loops
  Foreach Loops
  Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements
  Goto
  PODs: Embedded Documentation

  ## perlop - Perl operators and precedence

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
  Terms and List Operators (Leftward)
  The Arrow Operator
  Autoincrement and Autodecrement
  Exponentiation
  Symbolic Unary Operators
  Binding Operators
  Multiplicative Operators
  Additive Operators
  Shift Operators
  Named Unary Operators
  Relational Operators
  Equality Operators
  Bitwise And
  Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or
  C-style Logical And
  C-style Logical Or
  Range Operator
  Conditional Operator
  Assignment Operators
  Comma Operator
  List Operators (Rightward)
  Logical Not
  Logical And
  Logical or and Exclusive Or
  C Operators Missing From Perl

    unary &, unary *, (TYPE)

  Quote and Quotelike Operators
  Regexp Quotelike Operators

    ?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/gimosx, /PATTERN/gimosx, q/STRING/, `'STRING'`, qq/STRING/, ``STRING'', qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/, s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds

  I/O Operators
  Constant Folding
  Integer arithmetic

  ## perlre - Perl regular expressions

DESCRIPTION
  Regular Expressions

    (?#text), (?:regexp), (?=regexp), (?!regexp), (?imsx)

  Backtracking
  Version 8 Regular Expressions
  WARNING on \1 vs $1

  ## perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
  Switches

    -0 digits, -a, -c, -d, -d:foo, -D number, -D list, -e commandline, -F regexp, -i extension, -I directory, -l octnum, -m module, -M module, -n, -p, -P, -s, -S, -T, -u, -U, -v, -V, -V:name, -w, -x directory

  ## perlfunc - Perl builtin functions

DESCRIPTION
  Perl Functions by Category

    Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching, Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data, Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories, Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network info, Time-related functions

  Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions

    -X FILEHANDLE, -X EXPR, -X, abs VALUE, accept NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME, bless REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE, chomp LIST, chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop LIST, chop, chown LIST, chr NUMBER, chroot FILENAME, close FILEHANDLE, closedir DIRHANDLE, connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose ASSOC_ARRAY, dbmopen ASSOC,DBNAME,MODE, defined EXPR, delete EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, dump LABEL, each ASSOC_ARRAY, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval BLOCK, exec LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, format, formline PICTURE, LIST, getc FILEHANDLE, getc, getlogin, getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservb

  ## perlvar - Perl predefined variables

DESCRIPTION
  Predefined Names

    $ARG, $_, $<digit>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $', $LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, $MULTILINE_MATCHING, $*, input_line_number HANDLE EXPR, $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $, input_record_separator HANDLE EXPR, $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/, autoflush HANDLE EXPR, $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|, output_field_separator HANDLE EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,, output_record_separator HANDLE EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS, $\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $", $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $OFMT, $#, format_page_number HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%, format_lines_per_page HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=, format_lines_left HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, format_name HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_NAME, $~, format_top_name HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^, format_line_break_characters HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $:, format_formfeed HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A, $CHILD_ERROR, $?, $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, $EVAL_ERROR, $@, $PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<,

  ## perlsub - Perl subroutines

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
  Private Variables via my()
  Temporary Values via local()
  Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs)
  Pass by Reference
  Prototypes
  Overriding Builtin Functions
  Autoloading
SEE ALSO

  ## perlmod - Perl modules (packages)

DESCRIPTION
  Packages
  Symbol Tables
  Package Constructors and Destructors
  Perl Classes
  Perl Modules
NOTE
THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY
  Pragmatic Modules

    diagnostics, integer, less, overload, sigtrap, strict, subs

  Standard Modules

    AnyDBM_File, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, Benchmark, Carp, Config, Cwd, DB_File, Devel::SelfStubber, DynaLoader, English, Env, Exporter, ExtUtils::Liblist, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Miniperl, Fcntl, File::Basename, File::CheckTree, File::Find, FileHandle, File::Path, Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, I18N::Collate, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, Net::Ping, POSIX, SelfLoader, Safe, Socket, Test::Harness, Text::Abbrev

  Extension Modules
CPAN

  Language Extensions and Documentation Tools, Development Support, Operating System Interfaces, Networking, Device Control (modems) and InterProcess Communication, Data Types and Data Type Utilities, Database Interfaces, User Interfaces, Interfaces to / Emulations of Other Programming Languages, File Names, File Systems and File Locking (see also File Handles), String Processing, Language Text Processing, Parsing and Searching, Option, Argument, Parameter and Configuration File Processing, Internationalization and Locale, Authentication, Security and Encryption, World Wide Web, HTML, HTTP, CGI, MIME, Server and Daemon Utilities, Archiving and Compression, Images, Pixmap and Bitmap Manipulation, Drawing and Graphing, Mail and Usenet News, Control Flow Utilities (callbacks and exceptions etc), File Handle and Input/Output Stream Utilities, Miscellaneous Modules

Modules: Creation, Use and Abuse
  Guidelines for Module Creation

    Do similar modules already exist in some form?, Try to design the new module to be easy to extend and reuse, Some simple style guidelines, Select what to export, Select a name for the module, Have you got it right?, README and other Additional Files, A description of the module/package/extension etc, A copyright notice - see below, Prerequisites - what else you may need to have, How to build it - possible changes to Makefile.PL etc, How to install it, Recent changes in this release, especially incompatibilities, Changes / enhancements you plan to make in the future, Adding a Copyright Notice, Give the module a version/issue/release number, How to release and distribute a module, Take care when changing a released module

  Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules

    There is no requirement to convert anything, Consider the implications, Make the most of the opportunity, The pl2pm utility will get you started, Adds the standard Module prologue lines, Converts package specifiers from ' to ::, Converts die(...) to croak(...), Several other minor changes

  Guidelines for Reusing Application Code

    Complete applications rarely belong in the Perl Module Library, Many applications contain some perl code which could be reused, Break-out the reusable code into one or more separate module files, Take the opportunity to reconsider and redesign the interfaces, In some cases the 'application' can then be reduced to a small

  ## perlref - Perl references and nested data structures

DESCRIPTION
  Symbolic references
  Not-so-symbolic references
WARNING
SEE ALSO

  ## perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook

DESCRIPTION

  arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes, more elaborate constructs, recursive and self-referential data structures, objects

REFERENCES
COMMON MISTAKES
CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE
WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS `use strict`
DEBUGGING
CODE EXAMPLES
LISTS OF LISTS
  Declaration of a LIST OF LISTS
  Generation of a LIST OF LISTS
  Access and Printing of a LIST OF LISTS
HASHES OF LISTS
  Declaration of a HASH OF LISTS
  Generation of a HASH OF LISTS
  Access and Printing of a HASH OF LISTS
LISTS OF HASHES
  Declaration of a LIST OF HASHES
  Generation of a LIST OF HASHES
  Access and Printing of a LIST OF HASHES
HASHES OF HASHES
  Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES
  Generation of a HASH OF HASHES
  Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES
MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
  Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
  Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
  Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
Database Ties
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

  ## perllol, perlLoL - Manipulating Lists of Lists in Perl

DESCRIPTION
Declaration and Access of Lists of Lists
Growing Your Own
Access and Printing
Slices
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

  ## perlobj - Perl objects

DESCRIPTION
  An Object is Simply a Reference
  A Class is Simply a Package
  A Method is Simply a Subroutine
  Method Invocation
  Destructors
  WARNING
  Summary
  Two-Phased Garbage Collection
SEE ALSO

  ## perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
  Tying Scalars

    TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY this

  Tying Arrays

    TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value, DESTROY this

  Tying Hashes

    USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, DESTROY this

  Tying FileHandles
SEE ALSO
BUGS
AUTHOR

  ## perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT)

DESCRIPTION
OO SCALING TIPS
INSTANCE VARIABLES
SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES
INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE
OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS
OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS
USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM
THINKING OF CODE REUSE
CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT
INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR
DELEGATION

  ## perldebug - Perl debugging

DESCRIPTION
  Debugging

    h, T, s, n, f, c, c line, <CR>, l min+incr, l min-max, l line, l, -, w line, l subname, /pattern/, ?pattern?, L, S, t, b line [ condition ], b subname [ condition ], d line, D, a line command, A, < command, > command, V package [symbols], X [symbols], ! number, ! -number, H -number, q or ^D, command, p expr

  Customization
  Other resources
BUGS

  ## perldiag - various Perl diagnostics

DESCRIPTION

  ## perlform - Perl formats

DESCRIPTION
  Format Variables
NOTES
  Footers
  Accessing Formatting Internals
WARNING

  ## perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos,

  pipes, safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores)

DESCRIPTION
Signals
Named Pipes
Using open() for IPC
  Safe Pipe Opens
  Bidirectional Communication
Sockets: Client/Server Communication
  Internet TCP Clients and Servers
  Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers
  UDP: Message Passing
SysV IPC
WARNING
NOTES
BUGS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

  ## perlsec - Perl security

DESCRIPTION

  ## perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary

DESCRIPTION
  Awk Traps
  C Traps
  Sed Traps
  Shell Traps
  Perl Traps
  Perl4 Traps

  ## perlstyle - Perl style guide

DESCRIPTION

  ## perlxs - XS language reference manual

DESCRIPTION
  Introduction
  On The Road
  The Anatomy of an XSUB
  The Argument Stack
  The RETVAL Variable
  The MODULE Keyword
  The PACKAGE Keyword
  The PREFIX Keyword
  The OUTPUT: Keyword
  The CODE: Keyword
  The INIT: Keyword
  The NO_INIT Keyword
  Initializing Function Parameters
  Default Parameter Values
  The PREINIT: Keyword
  The INPUT: Keyword
  Variable-length Parameter Lists
  The PPCODE: Keyword
  Returning Undef And Empty Lists
  The REQUIRE: Keyword
  The CLEANUP: Keyword
  The BOOT: Keyword
  The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword
  The PROTOTYPES: Keyword
  The PROTOTYPE: Keyword
  The ALIAS: Keyword
  The INCLUDE: Keyword
  The CASE: Keyword
  The & Unary Operator
  Inserting Comments and C Preprocessor Directives
  Using XS With C++
  Interface Strategy
  Perl Objects And C Structures
  The Typemap
EXAMPLES
XS VERSION
AUTHOR

  ## perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for XSUB's

DESCRIPTION
  VERSION CAVEAT
  DYNAMIC VERSUS STATIC
  EXAMPLE 1
  EXAMPLE 2
  WHAT HAS GONE ON?
  EXAMPLE 3
  WHAT'S NEW HERE?
  INPUT AND OUTPUT PARAMETERS
  THE XSUBPP COMPILER
  THE TYPEMAP FILE
  WARNING
  SPECIFYING ARGUMENTS TO XSUBPP
  THE ARGUMENT STACK
  EXTENDING YOUR EXTENSION
  DOCUMENTING YOUR EXTENSION
  INSTALLING YOUR EXTENSION
  SEE ALSO
  Author
  Last Changed

  ## perlguts - Perl's Internal Functions

DESCRIPTION
Datatypes
  What is an ``IV''?
  Working with SV's
  What's Really Stored in an SV?
  Working with AV's
  Working with HV's
  References
  Blessed References and Class Objects
Creating New Variables
XSUB's and the Argument Stack
Mortality
Stashes
Magic
  Assigning Magic
  Magic Virtual Tables
  Finding Magic
Double-Typed SV's
Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs
Memory Allocation
API LISTING

  AvFILL, av_clear, av_extend, av_fetch, av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift, CLASS, Copy, croak, CvSTASH, DBsingle, DBsub, dMARK, dORIGMARK, dSP, dXSARGS, ENTER, EXTEND, FREETMPS, G_ARRAY, G_DISCARD, G_EVAL, GIMME, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, gv_stashpv, gv_stashsv, GvSV, he_free, hv_clear, hv_delete, hv_exists, hv_fetch, hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv, hv_iterval, hv_magic, HvNAME, hv_store, hv_undef, isALNUM, isALPHA, isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, items, LEAVE, MARK, mg_clear, mg_copy, mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_len, mg_magical, mg_set, Move, na, New, Newc, Newz, newAV, newHV, newRV, newSV, newSViv, newSVnv, newSVpv, newSVrv, newSVsv, newXS, newXSproto, Nullav, Nullch, Nullcv, Nullhv, Nullsv, ORIGMARK, perl_alloc, perl_call_argv, perl_call_method, perl_call_pv, perl_call_sv, perl_construct, perl_destruct, perl_eval_sv, perl_free, perl_get_av, perl_get_cv, perl_get_hv, perl_get_sv, perl_parse, perl_require_pv, perl_run, POPi, POPl, POPp, POPn, POPs,

AUTHOR
DATE

  ## perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C

DESCRIPTION

  An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program

THE PERL_CALL FUNCTIONS

  perl_call_sv, perl_call_pv, perl_call_method, perl_call_argv

FLAG VALUES
  G_SCALAR
  G_ARRAY
  G_DISCARD
  G_NOARGS
  G_EVAL
  G_KEEPERR
  Determining the Context
KNOWN PROBLEMS
EXAMPLES
  No Parameters, Nothing returned
  Passing Parameters
  Returning a Scalar
  Returning a list of values
  Returning a list in a scalar context
  Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list
  Using G_EVAL
  Using G_KEEPERR
  Using perl_call_sv
  Using perl_call_argv
  Using perl_call_method
  Using GIMME
  Using Perl to dispose of temporaries
  Strategies for storing Callback Context Information

    1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl callback

  Alternate Stack Manipulation
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
DATE

  ## perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program

DESCRIPTION
  PREAMBLE

    Use C from Perl?, Use a UNIX program from Perl?, BUse C from C?, Use Perl from C?

  ROADMAP
  Compiling your C program
  Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program
  Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program
  Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program
  Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C
    program

MORAL
AUTHOR

  ## perlpod - plain old documentation

DESCRIPTION
Embedding Pods in Perl Modules
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

  ## perlbook - Perl book information

DESCRIPTION

  # PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION

  ## diagnostics - Perl compiler pragma to force verbose warning

  diagnostics

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
  The `diagnostics` Pragma
  The splain Program
EXAMPLES
INTERNALS
BUGS
AUTHOR

  ## integer - Perl pragma to compute arithmetic in integer instead

  of double

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

  ## less - perl pragma to request less of something from the

  compiler

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

  ## lib - manipulate @INC at compile time

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
  ADDING DIRECTORIES TO @INC
  DELETING DIRECTORIES FROM @INC
  RESTORING ORIGINAL @INC
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

  ## overload - Package for overloading perl operations

SYNOPSIS
CAVEAT SCRIPTOR
DESCRIPTION
  Declaration of overloaded functions
  Calling Conventions for Binary Operations

    FALSE, TRUE, `undef`

  Calling Conventions for Unary Operations
  Overloadable Operations

    Arithmetic operations, Comparison operations, Bit operations, Increment and decrement, Transcendental functions, ISpecial

SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR `use overload`
  Last Resort
  Fallback

    `undef`, TRUE, defined, but FALSE

  Copy Constructor

    Example

MAGIC AUTOGENERATION

  Assignment forms of arithmetic operations , Conversion operations, Increment and decrement, `abs($a)`, Unary minus, Concatenation, Comparison operations, Copy operator

WARNING
Run-time Overloading
Public functions

  overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), `overload::Method(obj,op)`

IMPLEMENTATION
AUTHOR
DIAGNOSTICS
BUGS

  ## sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable stack backtrace on unexpected

  signals

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

  ## strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

  `strict refs`, `strict vars`, `strict subs`

  ## subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

  ## vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

  # MODULE DOCUMENTATION

  ## AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
  DBM Comparisons

    [0], [1], [2], [3]

SEE ALSO

  ## AutoLoader - load functions only on demand

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

  ## AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

  ## Benchmark - benchmark running times of code

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
  Methods

    new, debug

  Standard Exports

    `timeit(COUNT, CODE)`, timethis, timethese, timediff, timestr

  Optional Exports
NOTES
INHERITANCE
CAVEATS
AUTHORS
MODIFICATION HISTORY

  ## Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller)

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

  ## Cwd, getcwd - get pathname of current working directory

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

  ## DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

  DB_HASH, DB_BTREE, DB_RECNO

  How does DB_File interface to Berkeley DB?
  Differences with Berkeley DB
  RECNO
  In Memory Databases
  Using the Berkeley DB Interface Directly

    get, put, del, fd, seq, sync

EXAMPLES
  Using HASH
  Using BTREE
  Using RECNO
  Locking Databases
HISTORY
WARNINGS
BUGS
AVAILABILITY
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

  ## Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

  ## DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

  ## DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

  @dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(), dl_expandspec(), dl_load_file(), dl_find_symbol(), dl_undef_symbols(), dl_install_xsub(), bootstrap()

AUTHOR

  ## English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation

  variables

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

  ## Env - perl module that imports environment variables

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR

  ## Exporter - Implements default import method for modules

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
  Selecting What To Export
  Specialised Import Lists
  Module Version Checking
  Managing Unknown Symbols
  Tag Handling Utility Functions

  ## ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

  ## ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use

  them

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

  For static extensions, For dynamic extensions, For dynamic extensions

  EXTRALIBS
  LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH
  BSLOADLIBS
PORTABILITY
SEE ALSO

  ## ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in

  ExtUtils::MakeMaker

DESCRIPTION

  ## ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
  Preloaded methods

    catdir, catfile, nicetext, libscan, exescan, lsdir, path, replace_manpage_separator, file_name_is_absolute, prefixify, maybe_command_in_dirs, maybe_command, perl_script

  SelfLoaded methods

    guess_name, init_main, init_dirscan, init_others, find_perl

  Methods to actually produce chunks of text for the Makefile

    post_initialize, const_config, constants, const_loadlibs, const_cccmd, tool_autosplit, tool_xsubpp, tools_other, dist, macro, depend, post_constants, pasthru, c_o, xs_c, xs_o, top_targets, linkext, dlsyms, dynamic, dynamic_bs, dynamic_lib, static, static_lib, installpm, installpm_x, manifypods, processPL, installbin, subdirs, subdir_x, clean, realclean, dist_basics, dist_core, dist_dir, dist_test, dist_ci, install, force, perldepend, makefile, staticmake, test, test_via_harness, test_via_script, postamble, makeaperl, extliblist, dir_target, needs_linking, has_link_code, writedoc

SEE ALSO

  ## ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in

  ExtUtils::MakeMaker

DESCRIPTION

  ## ExtUtils::MakeMaker - create an extension Makefile

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
  Hintsfile support
  What's new in version 5 of MakeMaker
  Incompatibilities between MakeMaker 5.00 and 4.23
  Default Makefile Behaviour
  make test
  make install
  PREFIX attribute
  AFS users
  Static Linking of a new Perl Binary
  Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations
  Useful Default Makefile Macros
  Using Attributes and Parameters

    C, CONFIG, CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DIR, DISTNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, H, INC, INSTALLARCHLIB, INSTALLBIN, INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB, INSTALLSITELIB, INSTALLSITEARCH, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_EXE, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR, INST_MAN3DIR, LDFROM, LIBPERL_A, LIBS, LINKTYPE, MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, MYEXTLIB, NAME, NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, OBJECT, PERL, PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_SRC, PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS, PREFIX, PREREQ, SKIP, TYPEMAPS, VERSION, VERSION_FROM, XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION

  Additional lowercase attributes

    clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, installpm, linkext, macro, realclean, tool_autosplit

  Overriding MakeMaker Methods
  Distribution Support

           make distcheck,    make skipcheck,    make distclean,    make
           manifest,    make distdir,    make tardist,    make dist,    make
           uutardist,    make shdist,    make ci

AUTHORS
MODIFICATION HISTORY
TODO

  ## ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST

  file

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
MANIFEST.SKIP
EXPORT_OK
GLOBAL VARIABLES
DIAGNOSTICS

  `Not in MANIFEST:` file, No such file: file, `MANIFEST:` $!, `Added to MANIFEST:` file

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

  ## ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by

  DynaLoader

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

  ## ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic

  extension

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

  NAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, DLBASE

AUTHOR
REVISION

  ## Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTE

  ## File::Basename, Basename - parse file specifications

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

  fileparse_set_fstype, fileparse

EXAMPLES

  `basename`, `dirname`

  ## File::CheckTree, validate - run many filetest checks on a tree

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

  ## File::Find, find - traverse a file tree

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

  ## File::Path - create or remove a series of directories

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHORS
REVISION

  ## FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUGS

  ## FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

        $fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines

SEE ALSO
BUGS

  ## GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AVAILABILITY
BUGS
SEE ALSO

  ## Getopt::Long, GetOptions - extended processing of command line

  options

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

  Linkage specification
  Aliases and abbreviations
  Non-option call-back routine
  Option starters
  Return value
COMPATIBILITY
EXAMPLES
CONFIGURATION VARIABLES

  $Getopt::Long::autoabbrev, $Getopt::Long::getopt_compat, $Getopt::Long::order, $Getopt::Long::ignorecase, $Getopt::Long::VERSION, $Getopt::Long::error, $Getopt::Long::debug

  ## Getopt::Std, getopt - Process single-character switches with

  switch clustering

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

  ## I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the

  current locale

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

  ## IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
WARNING
SEE ALSO

  ## IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and

  error handling

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

  ## Net::Ping, pingecho - check a host for upness

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
  Parameters

    hostname, timeout

WARNING

  ## POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTE
CAVEATS
FUNCTIONS

  _exit, abort, abs, access, acos, alarm, asctime, asin, assert, atan, atan2, atexit, atof, atoi, atol, bsearch, calloc, ceil, chdir, chmod, chown, clearerr, clock, close, closedir, cos, cosh, creat, ctermid, ctime, cuserid, difftime, div, dup, dup2, errno, execl, execle, execlp, execv, execve, execvp, exit, exp, fabs, fclose, fcntl, fdopen, feof, ferror, fflush, fgetc, fgetpos, fgets, fileno, floor, fmod, fopen, fork, fpathconf, fprintf, fputc, fputs, fread, free, freopen, frexp, fscanf, fseek, fsetpos, fstat, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv, geteuid, getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid, getppid, getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha, isatty, iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace, isupper, isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime, log, log10, longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr, memcmp, memcpy, memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice, offsetof, open, opendir, pat

CLASSES
  POSIX::SigAction

    new

  POSIX::SigSet

    new, addset, delset, emptyset, fillset, ismember

  POSIX::Termios

    new, getattr, getcc, getcflag, getiflag, getispeed, getlflag, getoflag, getospeed, setattr, setcc, setcflag, setiflag, setispeed, setlflag, setoflag, setospeed, Baud rate values, Terminal interface values, c_cc field values, c_cflag field values, c_iflag field values, c_lflag field values, c_oflag field values

PATHNAME CONSTANTS

  Constants

POSIX CONSTANTS

  Constants

SYSTEM CONFIGURATION

  Constants

ERRNO

  Constants

FCNTL

  Constants

FLOAT

  Constants

LIMITS

  Constants

LOCALE

  Constants

MATH

  Constants

SIGNAL

  Constants

STAT

  Constants, Macros

STDLIB

  Constants

STDIO

  Constants

TIME

  Constants

UNISTD

  Constants

WAIT

  Constants, Macros

CREATION

  ## Pod::Text - convert POD data to formatted ASCII text

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
TODO

  ## Safe - Safe extension module for Perl

DESCRIPTION

  a new namespace, an operator mask

  Operator masks
  Methods in class Safe

    NAMESPACE, MASK, root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (VARNAME, ...), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME)

  Subroutines in package Safe

    ops_to_mask (OP, ...), mask_to_ops (MASK), opcode (OP, ...), opname (OP, ...), fullmask, emptymask, MAXO, op_mask

  AUTHOR

  ## Search::Dict, look - search for key in dictionary file

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

  ## SelectSaver - save and restore selected file handle

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

  ## SelfLoader - load functions only on demand

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
  The __DATA__ token
  SelfLoader autoloading
  Autoloading and package lexicals
  SelfLoader and AutoLoader
  __DATA__, __END__, and the FOOBAR::DATA filehandle.
  Classes and inherited methods.
Multiple packages and fully qualified subroutine names

  ## Socket, sockaddr_in, sockaddr_un, inet_aton, inet_ntoa - load

  the C socket.h defines and structure manipulators

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

  inet_aton HOSTNAME, inet_ntoa IP_ADDRESS, INADDR_ANY, INADDR_LOOPBACK, INADDR_NONE, sockaddr_in PORT, ADDRESS, sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN, pack_sockaddr_in PORT, IP_ADDRESS, unpack_sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN, sockaddr_un PATHNAME, sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN, pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN

  ## Symbol - manipulate Perl symbols and their names

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

  ## Sys::Hostname - Try every conceivable way to get hostname

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR

  ## Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog -

  Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

  openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $mask, $format, @args, setlogmask $mask_priority, closelog

EXAMPLES
DEPENDENCIES
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

  ## Term::Cap - Perl termcap interface

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLES

  ## Term::Complete - Perl word completion module

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

DIAGNOSTICS
BUGS
AUTHOR

  ## Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various `readline` packages.

  If no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Minimal set of supported functions

  `ReadLine`, `new`, `readline`, `addhistory`, `IN`, $<CODE>OUT, `MinLine`, `findConsole`, `Features`

EXPORTS

  ## Test::Harness - run perl standard test scripts with statistics

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
  The test script output
EXPORT
DIAGNOSTICS

  `All tests successful.\nFiles=%d, Tests=%d, %s`, C%s\n\tFailed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.>, C%d (wstat %d)>, `Failed 1 test, %.2f%% okay. %s`, C%d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay. %s>

SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
BUGS

  ## Text::Abbrev, abbrev - create an abbreviation table from a list

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE

  ## Text::Soundex - Implementation of the Soundex Algorithm as

  Described by Knuth

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLES
LIMITATIONS
AUTHOR

  ## Text::Tabs -- expand and unexpand tabs

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR

  ## Text::Wrap -- wrap text into a paragraph

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR

  ## Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash - base class definitions for tied hashes

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

  TIEHASH classname, LIST, STORE this, key, value, FETCH this, key, FIRSTKEY this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this

CAVEATS
MORE INFORMATION

  ## Tie::Scalar, Tie::StdScalar - base class definitions for tied

  scalars

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

  TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY this

MORE INFORMATION

  ## Tie::SubstrHash - Fixed-table-size, fixed-key-length hashing

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEATS

  ## Time::Local - efficiently compute tome from local and GMT time

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

  # AUXILIARY DOCUMENTATION

  Here should be listed all the extra program's docs, but they don't all have man pages yet:

a2p

s2p

find2perl

h2ph

c2ph

h2xs

xsubpp

pod2man

wrapsuid

  # AUTHOR

  Larry Wall <<larry@wall.org>, with the help of oodles of other folks.